ARG

Build arguments are only available during build time. They can be provided in a Dockerfile with the ARG keyword.

They can be passed in a docker-compose like so:

app:
  build:
    context: ../../app
    dockerfile: Dockerfile
    target: runtime
    args:
      - VITE_API_URL=http://api
      - VITE_API_PORT=3001

ENV

Environment variables persist into the running container. They can be provided with the ENV keyword in a Dockerfile and passed in docker-compose in the environment: section.

[!NOTE] If using TypeScript, ENV variables will not be used during the build process because TypeScript compiles into JavaScript and will therefore use build ARGs over ENV variables